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\data\alt\turcet
▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*to"rpi-gu"face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"file, raspface="Times New Roman Star"напильник
face="Times New Roman Star"to"rpigu" (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"to"rpu"
face="Times New Roman Star"do"rbi (Pav. C.)


face="Times New Roman Star"to"rpu"face="Times New Roman Star"to"rpi






face="Times New Roman Star"du"rbu":
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"rpu"face="Times New Roman Star"tu"rpiface="Times New Roman Star"tu"rpiface="Times New Roman Star"to"rpo" (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"to"rpu"
face="Times New Roman Star"tu"rpi

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 495, EDT 533.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kybface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 luck, happiness 2 to be happy, enjoyface="Times New Roman Star"1 счастье 2 быть счастливым, радоваться, предаваться удовольствиямface="Times New Roman Star"qyv 1 (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"qyv 1 (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kywan- 2, kyv 1 (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"quan- 2face="Times New Roman Star"quvan- 2 (Бор. Бад.)face="Times New Roman Star"quvo|n- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"qo 1
face="Times New Roman Star"Guwan- 2



face="Times New Roman Star"xъw|van- (dial.)



face="Times New Roman Star"quban- 2face="Times New Roman Star"quvan- 2face="Times New Roman Star"quvan- 2face="Times New Roman Star"qywan- 2face="Times New Roman Star"quvan- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"quvan- 2face="Times New Roman Star"quvan- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"quvan- 2face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 268, EDT 579, ЭСТЯ 6, 99-101, Clark 1977, 146.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Togface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"a k. of fishface="Times New Roman Star"вид рыбы


face="Times New Roman Star"tog|y 'sturgeon' (КСТТ)






face="Times New Roman Star"tog| 'perch'face="Times New Roman Star"tu:ly 'кускуч'
















face="Times New Roman Star"*ujaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"relation, blood relationface="Times New Roman Star"родственник, кровный родственникface="Times New Roman Star"uja (Orkh.)face="Times New Roman Star"uja 'brother, kinsman'
face="Times New Roman Star"oja 'family, kin'face="Times New Roman Star"uja 'younger sister' (Sangl.), 'brother' (`Ali), 'blood relation' (Qutb)



face="Times New Roman Star"uja 'sister'




face="Times New Roman Star"uja 'generation'


face="Times New Roman Star"ujalas? 'by one venter'





face="Times New Roman Star"ujalas 'by one venter'

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 511, EDT 267.
face="Times New Roman Star"*u"kekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"boxface="Times New Roman Star"ящик, сундук
face="Times New Roman Star"u"kek (MK)












face="Times New Roman Star"u"gex 'stockroom'
face="Times New Roman Star"u"gek 'kennel; basket'
face="Times New Roman Star"u"ko"k

face="Times New Roman Star"o"ka"le|k 'store, stall'





face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 105, VEWT 370, Лексика 521. Derivation from *o":k- 'to heap up' (v. sub *o:/k`e\), see Аникин 579-580 with lit., is dubious, primarily for semantic reasons.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Vlagr/ynface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"pig, swineface="Times New Roman Star"свиньяface="Times New Roman Star"(y)lag|zyn (Orkh. - a cyclical sign), lag|zyn (OUygh.)



























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 764.
face="Times New Roman Star"*o"mgenface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"upper part of breastface="Times New Roman Star"верхняя часть груди
face="Times New Roman Star"o"mgen (MK)







face="Times New Roman Star"o"n|men







face="Times New Roman Star"o"mgo"k








face="Times New Roman Star"Дыбо 137-138, EDT 159, ЭСТЯ 1, 537, Лексика 271.
face="Times New Roman Star"*yn-tyk (? *e-)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"to breathe heavilyface="Times New Roman Star"тяжело дышать


face="Times New Roman Star"intek- 'to become tired, exhausted'









face="Times New Roman Star"andъx-

face="Times New Roman Star"yndynnyg| 'panting, alarmed'
face="Times New Roman Star"yntyq-face="Times New Roman Star"yntyg|-
face="Times New Roman Star"intek-





face="Times New Roman Star"Егоров 29, Федотов 1,49.
face="Times New Roman Star"*gEmu"rgenface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"wild onion or garlicface="Times New Roman Star"дикий лук или чеснок
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"vu"rgen (MK), ko"mu"rgen (MK - Oghuz)face="Times New Roman Star"gu"mu"ren






face="Times New Roman Star"ko"b@rgen
face="Times New Roman Star"ko"bu"rgen



face="Times New Roman Star"ko"gu"ro"n (dial.)face="Times New Roman Star"ko"girhenface="Times New Roman Star"ko"bu"rgo"n



face="Times New Roman Star"ko"mu"ren



face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 691, ЭСТЯ 3, 100; VEWT 285; Лексика 124. Sometimes explained as derived from ko"bu"r- 'to foam' (see VEWT ibid.); this seems a folk etymology, but may explain the irregular -b- in some of the forms.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ar/uface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"orface="Times New Roman Star"илиface="Times New Roman Star"azu (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"azu (MK)














face="Times New Roman Star"azy










face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 280.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ek-l/c?i-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 sour, acid, bitter 2 to be sour, bitterface="Times New Roman Star"1 кислый, горький 2 быть кислым, горьким
face="Times New Roman Star"eks?ig (MK) 1face="Times New Roman Star"eks?i 1, eks?i- 2
face="Times New Roman Star"eks?i 1, eks?i- 2 (Pav. C.)


face="Times New Roman Star"a"ks?i 1face="Times New Roman Star"egs?it- 2



face="Times New Roman Star"j@ksu" ( < *j@ks/u") 1








face="Times New Roman Star"i:s?i 1, i:s?i- 2face="Times New Roman Star"eks?i 1, eks?i- 2


face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 118, ЭСТЯ 1, 259-260, Мудрак Дисс. 199.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kasyrkuface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"whirlwindface="Times New Roman Star"вихрь
face="Times New Roman Star"qasyrqu (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kasyrg|a
face="Times New Roman Star"(MKypch.) qasyrqa (Houts.), qasurg|a (AH)


face="Times New Roman Star"Gasyrg|a




face="Times New Roman Star"kozъrga

face="Times New Roman Star"qazyrg|yface="Times New Roman Star"qa'syrg|y









face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 240, ЭСТЯ 5, 332, Лексика 43, Ашм. VII, 20. Chuvash has an irregular form with initial k- (*x- would be expected). But it can hardly be a borrowing from Volga-Kypchak languages.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bAlkaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"hammerface="Times New Roman Star"молоток


face="Times New Roman Star"balg|a (Sib.)
face="Times New Roman Star"balg|a (Chag.)












face="Times New Roman Star"balg|a








face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 61, ЭСТЯ 2, 57-58. Turk. > Mong. balg|u, balig (KW 31).
face="Times New Roman Star"*aryl/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"thillface="Times New Roman Star"оглобля

face="Times New Roman Star"dial. arys?face="Times New Roman Star"arys?face="Times New Roman Star"arys? (Pav. C.)face="Times New Roman Star"dial. aris?


face="Times New Roman Star"arys?









face="Times New Roman Star"arysface="Times New Roman Star"arysface="Times New Roman Star"arys?face="Times New Roman Star"arys?
face="Times New Roman Star"arys?face="Times New Roman Star"arys
face="Times New Roman Star"arys?face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 26, TMN 2, 40-41, ЭСТЯ 1, 189-191, Лексика 555. Turk. > Kalm. ars? 'thill' (KW 15). The word is attested late, and Clauson 1965, 166 proposes a loan < Arab. ?|aris..
face="Times New Roman Star"*bekface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"firm, solid, stableface="Times New Roman Star"крепкий, прочныйface="Times New Roman Star"bek (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"bek (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"pekface="Times New Roman Star"bikface="Times New Roman Star"bek, pek (Pav. C.)

face="Times New Roman Star"poq, pyq
face="Times New Roman Star"bekface="Times New Roman Star"pikface="Times New Roman Star"pekface="Times New Roman Star"bek, pek
face="Times New Roman Star"pak 'suddenly, abruptly'face="Times New Roman Star"bigeface="Times New Roman Star"bigeface="Times New Roman Star"be'k
face="Times New Roman Star"bekface="Times New Roman Star"bekface="Times New Roman Star"bekface="Times New Roman Star"bikface="Times New Roman Star"bekface="Times New Roman Star"pekface="Times New Roman Star"bekface="Times New Roman Star"bek
face="Times New Roman Star"bekface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 323, VEWT 68, ЭСТЯ 2, 117-120, Stachowski 60. Closed -i- in Yak. is probably secondary.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ymface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"signface="Times New Roman Star"знак
face="Times New Roman Star"im (?ym) (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"imface="Times New Roman Star"ymface="Times New Roman Star"ym (Pav. C.)



face="Times New Roman Star"u"m

face="Times New Roman Star"um

face="Times New Roman Star"imface="Times New Roman Star"imne:k 'signed'face="Times New Roman Star"im
face="Times New Roman Star"ymface="Times New Roman Star"ymface="Times New Roman Star"ymface="Times New Roman Star"ym


face="Times New Roman Star"ym
face="Times New Roman Star"jumface="Times New Roman Star"EDT 155, VEWT 171, ЭСТЯ 1, 278, 632-633, Stachowski 126.
face="Times New Roman Star"*otarface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 pasture 2 far environs 3 (summer) camp, dwelling place, village 4 herdface="Times New Roman Star"1 пастбище 2 дальние страны 3 хутор, деревня 4 отара, стадо баранов


face="Times New Roman Star"utar 3
face="Times New Roman Star"o.to|r 4


face="Times New Roman Star"otar 1

face="Times New Roman Star"odor 1

face="Times New Roman Star"otor 3
face="Times New Roman Star"odar 1
face="Times New Roman Star"otor 1, 2face="Times New Roman Star"otar 1face="Times New Roman Star"otar 1face="Times New Roman Star"utar 3

face="Times New Roman Star"otar 1face="Times New Roman Star"otar 1
face="Times New Roman Star"otar 3face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 367, ЭСТЯ 1, 487-488. Usually derived from *ot 'grass' but the morphological pattern is unclear; the word might well be archaic despite lack of ancient attestation. Cf. also Balkan words like Hung. hata/r etc., most probably of Turkic origin. Turk. > WMong. otar, Kalm. otr (KW 291).
face="Times New Roman Star"*u"ju"kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 quicksand 2 to sinkface="Times New Roman Star"1 зыбучий песок 2 тонуть, погружаться
face="Times New Roman Star"u"ju"k (MK, KB) 1, u"ju"k- (MK) 2

face="Times New Roman Star"(Xwar.) u"ju"k 'dregs in wine' (Qutb)



face="Times New Roman Star"u"jk 'slush'


















face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 271, 272.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ujy-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"to stiffenface="Times New Roman Star"неметь, цепенетьface="Times New Roman Star"ujyrqan- joqurqan- (OUygh.)
face="Times New Roman Star"ujus?-face="Times New Roman Star"u>jy-, u>jys?-face="Times New Roman Star"ujus?- (AH)face="Times New Roman Star"ujus?-

face="Times New Roman Star"ujus?-











face="Times New Roman Star"ujy-face="Times New Roman Star"u>ju>-, u>ju>s?-
face="Times New Roman Star"ujvas?-
face="Times New Roman Star"ujy-

face="Times New Roman Star"ЭСТЯ 1, 582, ДТС 608.
face="Times New Roman Star"*ilmeface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 asp-tree 2 elm-treeface="Times New Roman Star"1 осина 2 ильм, вяз


face="Times New Roman Star"elma" 2









face="Times New Roman Star"j@w|lme 2





face="Times New Roman Star"elmen 1
face="Times New Roman Star"elme 1



face="Times New Roman Star"elme 2face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 338, Егоров 78, Федотов 1, 194, Дмитриева 189, Лексика 126. The word is attested late (like many tree names), but borrowing from Russ. ильм is hardly possible; the Russian word, usually considered a Germanism (MHG ilme etc.), may equally well be explained as a Turkism (see Егоров ibid.). The resemblance of PT *ilme and PIE *l&mo- / *olmo- is interesting, but probably accidental (if the Turkic word indeed goes back to PA *p`i_ule).
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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